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Techno-Economic Analysis of the Usage of Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) System Compared to Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) for Power Generation in Nigeria

Received: 26 July 2023     Accepted: 3 August 2023     Published: 22 August 2023
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Abstract

Issues concerning increasing population on the global scale have greatly increased the overall demand of energy in different forms but mainly as electrical power for industrial and domestic needs. With a population of over 231,400,000 people as stated by World Bank, between (60-70)% of this population have little or no access to electricity. As a result, fossil fuels have since been employed but its effects on health, environment, and climate have been detrimental. Restorative measures to the environment against further impact have precipitated the need for renewable energy (R. E) sources that are better alternatives. This study looks into solar photovoltaic (PV) as a R. E source, limiting its scope to self-generation in Calabar and attempts to draw comparison with the conventional method for self-generation (petrol generator) of equal capacity and equivalent working conditions. Experiment was carried out on test-bed quantitatively and qualitatively to determine unit values like fuel consumption rate and emissions respectively for the test-bed. Values obtained were simulated using HOMER PRO alongside generated irradiance value for solar PV. Other values obtained were simulated with actual parameters like capital cost, operational & maintenance cost, etc., to determine the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and emissions rate for individual systems over a period of 10yrs. Results yielded a Net LCOE of 1.924/kWh and Net Zero emission for PV system; a Net LCOE of 16.401/kWh and a Net emission (Carbon content only) of 365,240 kg/yr for engine test-bed curing the two basic issues of cost and emission on the long-term.

Published in International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications (Volume 11, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijmea.20231104.13
Page(s) 94-99
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Photovoltaic, Homer Pro, Solar, Irradiation, Emissions, Renewable Energy

References
[1] Rana, N., Chamoli, M. (2016). Cost Analysis of Solar Power Generation System Using HOMER OPTIMIZATION SOFTWARE. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET). Vol. 3 (8). pp. 428-432.
[2] Perera, F. (2018). Pollution from Fossil-fuel Combustion is the Leading Environmental Threat to Global Pediatric Health and Equity: Solutions Exist. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. MDPI.
[3] Perera, F. &Nadeu, K. (2022). Climate Change, Fossil-Fuel Pollution, and Children’s Health. The New England Journal of Medicine 386. Pp 2303-2314.
[4] Olowosejeje, S., Leahy, P., Morrison, A. P. (2019). The economic cost of unreliable grid power in Nigeria. African Journal of Science and Technology Innovation and Development, 11 (2). Pp 1-11.
[5] Adesanya, A. A., Pearce J. M. (2019). Economic viability of captive off-grid solar photovoltaic and diesel hybrid energy systems for the Nigerian private sector. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, pp. 114.
[6] Kumar, C. R. & Majid, M. A. (2020). Renewable energy for sustainable development in India: current status, future prospects, challenges, employment, and investment opportunities. Energy, Sustainability and Society 2.
[7] Ohunakin, O. S., Adaramola, M. S., Oyewola, M. O., Fagbenle, R. O. (2014). Solar energy applications and development in Nigeria: Drivers and barriers. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 32, pp. 294-304.
[8] Ajayi, O. O., Ohijeagbon, O. D., Mercy, O., Ameh, A. (2016). Potential and econometrics analysis of standalone RE facility for rural community utilization and embedded generation in North-East Nigeria. Sustainable Cities and Society, 21, pp 66-77.
[9] Khan, J., Arsalan, M. H. (2016). Solar power technologies for sustainable electricity generation. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 55, pp. 414-425.
[10] Dodondawa, T. (2019). Nigeria Needs $200bn Investment To Address Energy Gap. Tribune online NG. Retrieved from https://tribuneonlineng.com/nigeria-needs-200bn-investment-to-address-energy-gap/
[11] Okoye, O. C., Taylan, O., Baker, D. K. Solar energy potentials in strategically located in cities in Nigeria: Review, resource assessment and PV system design. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 55, pp. 550-566.
[12] Giwa, S. O., Sulaiman, M. A., Nwaokocha, C. N. (2017). Inventory of Greenhouse Gases Emissions from Gasoline and Diesel Consumption in Nigeria. INVENTORY OF GREENHOUSE GASES EMISSIONS IN NIGERIA. Department of Agricultural and Mechanical engineering, College of Engineering and Environmental Studies, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ibogun campus, Ogun State, Nigeria.
[13] Abdulkarim, H. T. (2012). Techno-Economic analysis of solar. Energy for Electrical power generation in Nigeria. Department of Electrical Electronics, College of Education, Minna, Niger state, Nigeria.
[14] Babajide, A., Brito, M. C. (2021). Solar PV systems to eliminate or reduce the use of diesel generators at no additional cost: A case study of Lagos, Nigeria. Renewable Energy. Vol. 172. pp. 209-218.
[15] Abdulkarim, H. T., King, P. (2020). Statistical and economic analysis of solar radiation and climatic data for the development of solar PV system in Nigeria. Energy Repots. Vol. 6 (1). Pp. 309-316.
[16] Eliaban O., Abu-Rab H., Blaabjerg F. (2014). Renewable Energy Resources: Current Status, Future Prospects and Their Enabling Technology. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 39, pp. 748-764. https://tribuneonlineng.com/nigeria-needs-200bn-investment-to-address-energy-gap/
[17] Ahmad, H. M., Sadeghzadeh, M., Ghazvini, M., Nazari, M. A. (2018). Solar power technology for electricity generation: A critical review. Energy Science & Engineering 6 (5), pp. 340-361.
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  • APA Style

    Diwa James Enyia, Paul Chibundu Uzomah. (2023). Techno-Economic Analysis of the Usage of Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) System Compared to Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) for Power Generation in Nigeria. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications, 11(4), 94-99. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20231104.13

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    ACS Style

    Diwa James Enyia; Paul Chibundu Uzomah. Techno-Economic Analysis of the Usage of Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) System Compared to Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) for Power Generation in Nigeria. Int. J. Mech. Eng. Appl. 2023, 11(4), 94-99. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmea.20231104.13

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    AMA Style

    Diwa James Enyia, Paul Chibundu Uzomah. Techno-Economic Analysis of the Usage of Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) System Compared to Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) for Power Generation in Nigeria. Int J Mech Eng Appl. 2023;11(4):94-99. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmea.20231104.13

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijmea.20231104.13,
      author = {Diwa James Enyia and Paul Chibundu Uzomah},
      title = {Techno-Economic Analysis of the Usage of Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) System Compared to Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) for Power Generation in Nigeria},
      journal = {International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications},
      volume = {11},
      number = {4},
      pages = {94-99},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijmea.20231104.13},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20231104.13},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmea.20231104.13},
      abstract = {Issues concerning increasing population on the global scale have greatly increased the overall demand of energy in different forms but mainly as electrical power for industrial and domestic needs. With a population of over 231,400,000 people as stated by World Bank, between (60-70)% of this population have little or no access to electricity. As a result, fossil fuels have since been employed but its effects on health, environment, and climate have been detrimental. Restorative measures to the environment against further impact have precipitated the need for renewable energy (R. E) sources that are better alternatives. This study looks into solar photovoltaic (PV) as a R. E source, limiting its scope to self-generation in Calabar and attempts to draw comparison with the conventional method for self-generation (petrol generator) of equal capacity and equivalent working conditions. Experiment was carried out on test-bed quantitatively and qualitatively to determine unit values like fuel consumption rate and emissions respectively for the test-bed. Values obtained were simulated using HOMER PRO alongside generated irradiance value for solar PV. Other values obtained were simulated with actual parameters like capital cost, operational & maintenance cost, etc., to determine the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and emissions rate for individual systems over a period of 10yrs. Results yielded a Net LCOE of 1.924/kWh and Net Zero emission for PV system; a Net LCOE of 16.401/kWh and a Net emission (Carbon content only) of 365,240 kg/yr for engine test-bed curing the two basic issues of cost and emission on the long-term.},
     year = {2023}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Techno-Economic Analysis of the Usage of Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) System Compared to Premium Motor Spirit (PMS) for Power Generation in Nigeria
    AU  - Diwa James Enyia
    AU  - Paul Chibundu Uzomah
    Y1  - 2023/08/22
    PY  - 2023
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20231104.13
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijmea.20231104.13
    T2  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
    JF  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
    JO  - International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Applications
    SP  - 94
    EP  - 99
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-0248
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmea.20231104.13
    AB  - Issues concerning increasing population on the global scale have greatly increased the overall demand of energy in different forms but mainly as electrical power for industrial and domestic needs. With a population of over 231,400,000 people as stated by World Bank, between (60-70)% of this population have little or no access to electricity. As a result, fossil fuels have since been employed but its effects on health, environment, and climate have been detrimental. Restorative measures to the environment against further impact have precipitated the need for renewable energy (R. E) sources that are better alternatives. This study looks into solar photovoltaic (PV) as a R. E source, limiting its scope to self-generation in Calabar and attempts to draw comparison with the conventional method for self-generation (petrol generator) of equal capacity and equivalent working conditions. Experiment was carried out on test-bed quantitatively and qualitatively to determine unit values like fuel consumption rate and emissions respectively for the test-bed. Values obtained were simulated using HOMER PRO alongside generated irradiance value for solar PV. Other values obtained were simulated with actual parameters like capital cost, operational & maintenance cost, etc., to determine the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) and emissions rate for individual systems over a period of 10yrs. Results yielded a Net LCOE of 1.924/kWh and Net Zero emission for PV system; a Net LCOE of 16.401/kWh and a Net emission (Carbon content only) of 365,240 kg/yr for engine test-bed curing the two basic issues of cost and emission on the long-term.
    VL  - 11
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cross River State, Calabar, Nigeria

  • Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Cross River State, Calabar, Nigeria

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